The Covalizer formula was developed for us by a fossil fuels expert. It will also break the covalent bonds and, since it is hydrocarbon based, it not only cleans out the engine, but it mixes with the carbon build up and burns it. We also do get a little better mileage using it. There is nothing in the new formula that is hazardous. It does not have to be mixed by the consumer. It can be shipped even through the mail. Forget any mixing instructions throughout this manual with the new Covalizer (fuel additive.) It comes in a 16 ounce bottle and it takes two tablespoons (or one ounce per 25 gallons.) One bottle covalizes 400 gallons.